明清时期鄱阳湖区河湖之演变——以赣抚河口平原为中心

Evolution of Rivers and Lakes in Poyang Lake Region During the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期,鄱阳湖区河流与湖泊发生了复杂的变化,其中尤以赣抚河口平原河湖演变最具代表性。该时期,河口平原境内之赣江、抚河泥沙淤积速度加快,水位上升、排水不畅。影响所及,河口平原境内之大小河港、湖泊亦逐渐淤塞,水旱灾害加剧。河口平原境内众多湖泊亦淤塞的同时,青岚湖、军山湖却在呈扩张态势,对沿湖地区造成严重侵蚀。更甚者,鄱阳湖本身也发生了复杂的变化,总体上呈西淤东扩的趋势。缘此,赣抚河口平原水旱灾害加剧,并对水利事业、农业生产形成重大影响。

Rivers and lakes of Poyang Lake region changed complicatedly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties ,of which the changes of the rivers and lakes around the Estuary of the Gan-Fu Plain was the most representative. In this period,such circumstances about rivers and lakes arose within the territory of the Estuary Plain as silting up,the rise of the water level,poor drainage,etc. ,and the re-lated river ports and lakes became gradually silted up,the flood and drought disaster aggravated. At the same time,Qinglan Lake and Junshan Lake were expanding,which caused serious erosion to the Lake Area. Furthermore,Poyang Lake itself changed complicatedly,the general trend was that the western Lake was silted up,the eastern Lake was expanded. Accordingly,the flood and drought disas-ter in the Estuary Plain of Gan and Fu River aggravated,and had a significant impact on agricultural production,water conservancy.