梅州市2010-2013年法定报告传染病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of Meizhou city notifiable infectious diseases 2010-2013

目的了解梅州市2010-2013年法定报告传染病发病情况及流行特征,分析其变化趋势,为制定相应的防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对梅州市2010-2013年法定传染病疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2010-2013年梅州市共报告法定传染病26种123 309例(其中乙类传染病31 423例,丙类传染病91 886例),年均发病率为721.21/10万;死亡107例,年均死亡率0.63/10万。报告肠道传染病3种1 125例,占乙类传染病总数的3.58%;报告呼吸道传染病5种13 583例,占乙类传染病总数的43.23%;报告自然疫源及虫媒传染病6种79例,占乙类传染病总数的0.25%;报告血源性及性传播传染病4种16 631例,占乙类传染病总数的52.93%。发病数居前5位的主要传染病依次为手足口病(44 412例)、其他感染性腹泻病(39 376例)、肺结核(13 493例)、乙型肝炎(7 706例)、梅毒(6 776例)。结论手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、乙型肝炎和梅毒是梅州市近年来需重点防控的传染病,今后须加大对肠道传染病和血源性及性传播传染病的防控力度,同时注意新发传染病的出现,巩固疾病预防控制工作成效。

Objective To understand the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of Meizhou city notifiable infectious diseases 2010-2013,analyze it trends,andprovide a scientific basis for the development of appropriate countermeasures.Method Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyzed the reported notifiable infectious diseases of Meizhou 2010-2013. Results In Meizhou city 2010-2013, 26 kinds of infectious diseases were reported with a total of 123 309 cases.The average annual incidence rate was 721.21 / 100 000,107 cases of death; annual mortality rate was 0.63 / 100 000.1 125 cases of three kinds of intestinal infectious diseases were reported,accounting for 3.58% of the total of B infectious diseases; 13 583 cases of five kinds of respiratory diseases were reported,accounting for 43.23% of the total B infectious diseases;natural foci and six kinds of 79 cases of vector-borne infectious diseases were reported,accounting for 0.25% of the total B infectious diseases;16 631 cases of four kinds of blood and sexually transmitted diseases were reported,accounting for 52.93% of the total B infectious diseases. The incidence of major infectious diseases among the top five were hand-foot-and-mouth disease（44 412 cases）, other infectious diarrhea（39 376 cases）, tuberculosis（13 493cases）, hepatitis B（7 706 cases） and syphilis（6 776 cases）. Conclusions HFMD, other infectious diarrhea,tuberculosis, hepatitis B andsyphilisare the major notifiable infectious diseases in Meizhou city in recent years, so we need to focus on the prevention and control of infectious diseases,particularly on the intestinal infectious diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases. We also have to pay attention to emergence of new infectious diseases,and consolidate the effectiveness of disease prevention and control.