粮食主产区农户耕地保护利益补偿需求意愿及影响因素分析——基于357份调查问卷的实证研究

Analysis on Farmers' Demand Willingness and Influencing Factors to the Benefit Compensation of Cultivated Land Protection in Major Grain Producing Areas: An Empirical Study Based on 357 Questionnaires

耕地保护利益补偿机制的建立是解决农户耕地保护积极性不高、耕地保护制度运转效率低下的重要途径。补偿机制的构建必须切实考虑不同特征耕地保护主体的意愿,才能达到预期实施效果,而粮食主产区农户是保护耕地最重要的微观主体之一。以粮食主产区357份实地调查问卷为基础,以农户利益补偿需求意愿为因变量,性别、年龄等个体特征变量和家庭总人数、农业人口数等其他特征变量为自变量,在多重共线性诊断的基础上,建立logistic模型,定量分析农户耕地保护利益补偿需求意愿的影响因素。结果表明:农业人口数、受教育程度、劳动力人数、耕地种植面积、农业收入比重、耕地保护意愿和耕地破碎度对利益补偿需求意愿有显著影响。补偿政策的制定,应重点满足耕地保护意愿强烈、农业人口较多、耕地种植面积较大、对农业依赖性较强的家庭,同时结合农户的实际意愿,选择合理的补偿方式和支付方式。

The establishment of benefit compensation mechanism of cultivated land protection is an important way to enhance the enthusiasm of farmers and the operation efficiency of cultivated land protection system. To achieve the desired implementation effect, the compensation mechanism must consider the willingness of cultivated land protection subjects who have different characteristics, and the farmers in major grain producing areas are the most important microscopic subjects to protect cultivated land. This article based on 357 questionnaires in major grain producing areas, and set up a Logistic model after the multicollinearity diagnosis to analyze the influencing factors of farmers＇ demand willingness to the benefit compensation of cultivated land protection quantificationally. The Logistic model took the farmers＇ demand willingness to the benefit compensation as a dependent variable, and took other 13 factors about personal and other features as independent variables, for example, gender, age, the total number of family, agricultural population, and so on. The results show that agricultural population, education, the number of household labor force, plant area, the proportion of agricultural income, the willingness of cultivated land protection, and the fragmentation of arable land have more significant effects on the demand willingness to the benefit compensation. The compensation policy should mainly satisfy the families which have strong interest in cultivated land protection, and have more farming population and plant area, and have intense dependence to agriculture. At the same time, the compensation policy should combine with farmers＇ practical willingness to choose reasonable compensation mode and payment method.