网络能力、网络结构与创业绩效——基于中国孵化产业的实证研究

Network Competence, Network Structure and Entrepreneurial Performance: Study Based on Empirical Analysis of China Incubation Industry

创业活动的网络化组织模式更具创新优势,网络能力作为企业通过构建外部关系获取各类资源的能力或技巧,会对其绩效产生影响,但既有文献并未对网络能力的构成要素进行有效界定,也未对网络能力影响创业绩效的传导机制予以揭示。因此,本文构建了网络能力、网络结构与创业绩效间关系的理论模型。通过中国孵化企业的问卷调查,对概念模型进行实证检验。数据分析显示,相对稳定的网络结构各维度在网络能力和创业绩效之间发挥着中介效应。其中,中心度、结构洞、异质性中介作用显著,而核心度并不显著。本文的研究结论对创业企业外部网络化实践以及创业政策的制定均有一定价值。

In the age of new economy, entrepreneurial network has been proven to be reasonable and comparably better than that of traditional ones. External effect and robust have been extensively discussed on improving the overall quality of the national economy, enhancing international competitiveness and the capability to withstand risks. However, to date, there has been relatively little research conducted on the for mation process of entrepreneurial network, which could provide theoretic guidance in establishing effective sustainable entrepreneurial network environment. Based on this, we reveal the underlying causes of the entrepreneurial network evolution, and further to discover relationship between network competence and entrepreneurial performance. Transmission mechanism of the entrepreneurial network has been explored to answer the problem of ＂How＂. Therefore, there are many blanks between individualistic methodology and structuralized methodology. For this purpose, theoretical model was constructed among network competence, network structure, and entrepreneurial performance. Through the positivism analysis, empirical research using the questionnaire data from Chinese incubated startup companies. Furthermore, research on the mechanism about supporting environment of venturing. To be specific, Network competence as skill or capability that accesses resources by construction relationships will impact the entrepreneurial performance, while the existing literature have neither sorted out the elements of network competence, nor analyzed affects of the mechanism between network competence and entrepreneurial performance. This article constructed the theory model among network competence, network structure, and entrepreneurial performance. Empirical data from incubated enterprise questionnaires have been tested. Firstly, the network competence has been divided into network quality, network programming and network operation. The empirical research validate the structural model indicates that network competence as a whole has a positive effect on entrepreneurial performance, but not in terms of network structures, The research demonstrated that only the centrality degree, Structural hole and Network heterogeneity have a positive effect on entrepreneurial performance except for Network kernel. Network str ucture has the mediating effect between network competence and entrepreneurial performance. Meanwhile, the centrality degree, structural hole and network heterogeneity have positive mediating effect except the network kernel. The study＇s conclusions have the value of constructing networked incubation industry in China and management practices for start-up external network construction.