注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的执行功能研究

Study on the executive function of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children

目的研究注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的执行功能。方法选择60例注意缺陷多动障碍患儿为观察组,另选择健康志愿者60例为对照组,2组研究对象均接受Stroop色词测验及威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)。记录并比较2组Stroop效应测试及威斯康星卡片分类测验结果。Stroop效应测试指标包括完成卡片A耗时、完成卡片B耗时、完成卡片C耗时及干扰效应。威斯康星卡片分类测验指标包括总测验次数、正确反应数、持续错误数、非持续错误数及分类数。结果 2组儿童完成卡片A、B耗时比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组儿童完成卡片C耗时(54.76±11.65)s,显著长于对照组,其干扰效应为(28.76±6.75)s,显著长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组完成分类数、概念化水平均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但观察组错误应答数、持续性错误数及持续性应答数均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论注意缺陷多动障碍患儿存在执行功能障碍。

Objective To study the executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder .Methods 60 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were chosen as observation group ,another 60 healthy volunteers were selected as control group ,all subjects were underwent Stroop color word test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST ） , which were recorded and tested in two groups .Index Stroop effect testing included the time of finishing the card A ,card B , card C and interference effect .Wisconsin Card Sorting test indexes included total test times ,the number of correct responses , number of perseverative errors ,the number of non‐persistent error and the number of classification .Results The comparison of card A time and card B time showed no significant difference （P〉0 .05） .Card C time of the observation group children was （54 .76 ± 11 .65） s ,Which was significantly longer than that of the control group;the interference effect was （28 .76 ± 6 .75） s , which was significantly longer than that of the control group ,the differences had statistical significances （P〈0 .05） .The num‐ber of classification finished and conceptual level in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P〈0 .05） .But error response ,continuity errors and sustained responders in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0 .05） .Conclusion Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have executive dysfunc‐tion .