橡胶衬套材料参数确定及有限元仿真

Material Parameters Determination and Simulation of Rubber Bushing

确定橡胶材料力学性能参数,较高精度地对橡胶部件进行力学特性仿真,对于汽车的操控性和舒适性有着重要的意义。基于汽车行业对橡胶零部件力学性能分析的需要,设计试验方案,对汽车控制臂衬套橡胶材料进行单轴拉伸、单轴压缩、平面拉伸试验;对材料试验中样件差异、预调次数、加载速度、夹持方法等对试验结果的影响进行分析,确定比较完善的橡胶材料试验方案。对试验数据进行处理,拟合获得材料模型参数;进行衬套静刚度试验,并使用获得的模型参数对试验进行仿真。仿真结果与试验符合较好。结果表明,采用的材料力学性能试验方法和参数拟合方法能够较准确地确定橡胶材料的力学性能参数,可为有限元仿真提供可靠的材料模型参数。

It is important for vehicle controllability and comfort to reliably determine the material parameters and accurately simulate the mechanical properties of rubber components. To meet the requirements of the analysis of rubber components in car industry, material test is designed and uniaxial stretch, uniaxial compression, and planer tension are performed to the rubber material of the control arm. The influences of sample difference, precondition, loading speed, and clamping method on the test results are analyzed. A reliable test method is proposed. The experimental data are processed and used to fit material parameters. The static rigidity test of the rubber bushing is performed and simulated with the determined material parameters. The simulation agrees well with the test. The results show that the material test method and the experimental data fitting method can reliably determine the rubber material parameters for finite element simulation.