海洋深水救援井钻井关键技术

Key drilling technology for marine deepwater relief wells

深水钻井具有较高风险,在救援井设计方面,国内外没有相关标准规范可参照,深水井实施救援井作业的数量也很少。为了保证深水油气田安全高效开发,结合中国南海深水钻井的需要,对深水救援井的井位选择、井眼轨迹设计方法、探测定位技术、连通技术、动态压井方法等一系列关键技术进行了整理和分析。救援井的井位选择需考虑海底地质条件、洋流、风向、热辐射、商业保险等因素,救援井井眼轨迹需根据连通点位置、探测定位工具的要求、轨迹实施难度进行设计,连通方式首选直接钻通事故井井眼,动态压井方案的制定应结合钻井船的能力优选最高效安全的压井方案。研究结果对于建立深水救援井设计体系具有一定的参考价值。

There is great risk in deepwater drilling and there is no international standard for reference regarding the design of relief well drilling, and not many relief wells are drilled for deepwater wells. In order to ensure safe and efifcient development of deepwater oil/gas ifelds and in conjunction with the requirement of deepwater drilling in the South China Sea, a number of key technologies have been arranged and analyzed such as selection of relief well location, method of wellbore trajectory design, detection and location technology, connection technique, dynamic well killing technique, etc. The selection of relief well location should take into consideration the submarine geological conditions, ocean currents, wind directions, thermal radiation, commercial insurance, etc. The trajectory of relief well should be designed according to the location of connecting point, the requirement of detection and location tools and dififculty in following the trajectory. The preferred connecting method is to directly penetrate the borehole of trouble well. The formulation of dynamic killing program should be the most efifcient and safest killing plan according to the capacity of the drilling ship. The research result is of certain reference value to establishing the design system for deepwater relief wells.