国际商事仲裁的透明度问题研究

Transparency in International Commercial Arbitration

保密性一直是国际商事仲裁的优点之一,但随着国际商事仲裁可仲裁事项范围的不断扩大、WTO透明度基本原则的影响以及投资仲裁透明度改革的逐步深入,国际商事仲裁领域也掀起透明度改革的浪潮。当事人协商一致将争议提交仲裁旨在能够得到公正裁决,因此如何保证仲裁程序以及裁决的公平公正尤为重要。透明度的增加可以增强国际商事仲裁的可预见性,使得当事人更加信赖这一争议解决方式,并能增进公众对仲裁的了解。国际商事仲裁领域的透明度与公众参与、披露义务不同,透明度改革并非完全摈弃或者推翻保密性。实践中,各国际商事仲裁机构也纷纷修改其仲裁规则以彰显增进透明度的决心,但由于仲裁的保密性,其执行情况仍不容乐观。

Confidentiality is a feature of international commercial arbitration, but with gradual deepening of reform of the WTO principles of transparency and transparency in investment arbitration, transparency in international commercial arbitration is also set off a wave of reform. When parties agree to submit their disputes to the fair-minded judgment of arbitrators, how to ensure a fair and impartial proceeding and award is extremely important. The increased transparency has enhanced the predictability of international commercial arbitration, make the system more reliable for its direct users, and enhance understanding of the arbitration for the general public. This paper attempts to explore the views on the transparency debate in international commercial arbitration, distinguish similarities and differences of transparency, public access, and the disclosure obligation, answer some questions on causes and prospects of the increase of transparency in international commercial arbitration, and eventually construct the basic model of transparency reforms.