不同盐碱类型胁迫对红地球/贝达葡萄植株离子分布的影响

Effects of different salt and alkali stresses on ion distribution in Red globe/Beta grapevines

以盆栽红地球/贝达葡萄为试材,定量浇灌Na Cl、Na2SO4、Na HCO3、NH4Cl和(NH4)2SO4,筛选导致葡萄叶片黄化的盐、碱离子,研究不同盐碱类型胁迫对葡萄植株离子分布的影响.结果表明:Na HCO3对植株影响最大,叶片在处理14 d时出现黄化症状,而Na Cl和NH4Cl处理28 d时出现黄化症状.Na HCO3和Na Cl处理均显著增加了植株各器官中Na+含量,Na HCO3处理根中Na+含量是对照的6.4倍;这两种盐处理均降低了除叶片外其他器官中的K+含量,Na HCO3处理显著降低了各器官中K/Na,根中K/Na仅为0.1,Na Cl处理降低了除茎外其他器官中K/Na;这两种盐处理还降低了Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+向地上部的运输.NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和Na2SO4处理降低了植株各器官中K/Na,以NH4Cl处理显著.碱性盐Na HCO3对葡萄叶片黄化影响最大,其次是中性盐Na Cl,再次是NH4Cl,而(NH4)2SO4和Na2SO4影响较小.

The potted Red globe/Beta grapevines NaHCO3, NH4CI, （NH4） 2SO4. Hence, the ions were selected to irrigated with NaC1, Na2SO4, which induced leaf etiolation were screened and the impacts of different salt and alkali on ion distribution in different organs of grapevines were in- vestigated. It was found that NaHCO3 exerted the greatest effects on grapevines, leaf etiolation at 14 days after treatment. By contrast, NaC1 and NH4C1 treatments induced leaf etiolation at 28 days af- ter treatment. The Na＋ content in all the detected organs were significantly increased under NaHCO3 and NaC1 treatment, and Na＋ content in root under NaHCO3 treatment was 6.4 times as that in con- trol root. NaHCO3 and NaC1 treatments significantly decreased K＋ content in the organs with the ex- ception of leaf. NaHCO3 treatment significantly decreased K/Na in different organs, which declined to 0.1 in root. By contrast, NaC1 treatment significantly decreased K/Na in the detected organs with exception of stem. Besides, the transport of Ca2＋ , Mg2＋ , Fe2＋ to aboveground organs was significant- ly decreased by NaHCO3 and NaC1 treatments. K/Na ratio in the detected organs were decreased under NHaC1, （NH4）2SO4 and Na2SO4 treatments, especially under NH4 C1 treatment. Taken to- gether, NaHCO3 was the primary factor resulting in leaf etiolation, followed by NaC1 and NH4C1, while （NH4） 2SO4 and Na2SO4 produced impacts.