太阳能光伏发电系统雷电灾害及防御分析

Analysis on Lightning Disasters of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation System and Prevention Scheme

随着太阳能光伏发电的广泛应用,光伏方阵和设备遭受雷击引发的灾害事故也频繁发生。文中结合光伏发电系统实例计算了雷击引起的损害风险,得出了雷电感应电压、雷电感应电流与雷电强度、雷电平均陡度、雷电距离、光伏倾角之间的关系,估算了雷击安全距离。采取工程性防御措施,从防直击雷、防闪电电涌侵入和防雷击电磁脉冲角度,提出了一整套完整可行的雷电防御方案,重点分析了多级浪涌保护器的参数选取和能量相互配合的方法。

With wide application of solar photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic phalanx and equipment frequently suffer disasters and accidents due to lightning. In this paper, a photovoltaic power generation system is taken as an example to calculate the lightning induced damage risk, and the relations of lightning induced voltage and current with lightning intensity, lightning steepness, average lightning distance, and lightning photovoltaic angle are obtained. Further, the lightning safety distance is estimated. As a result, a complete lightning prevention scheme is proposed for engineering application with respect to preventing direct lightning, lightning surge intrusion, and lightning electromagnetic pulse angle. In addition, the matching method of the parameters of the multilevel surge protector with the energy is analyzed.