船舶建造合同法律性质之实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Legal Nature of Shipbuilding Contract

船舶建造合同之买卖合同说、承揽合同说和混合合同说均有其合理性,但也存在商榷之处。意思说、所有权转移说、材料说、合同目的说等区分买卖合同和承揽合同的标准在确定船舶建造合同的法律性质时均缺少法理基础。船厂设计、建造船舶的行为构成船舶建造合同的特征性履行行为,并应据此将狭义船舶建造合同视为承揽合同,但广义船舶建造合同在性质上属于合同联立,以统一解决船舶建造合同所涉之实体法、程序法、冲突法等法律问题。

Shipbuilding contract is generally regarded as a contract of sale of goods,or a contract for work,or a hybrid contract. Those views are reasonable,but are worty discussing. The traditional standards to distinguish sales contract from contract for work lack legal basis. The design and construction of the vessel form the characteristic performance of the shipbuilding contract. Based on the autonomy of the will,the shipbuilding contract should be regarded as the contract for work. Howeer,as far as its broad concept is concerned,construction contract of offshore drilling platform belongs to simultaneous contract in legal nature.