环氧油酸多元醇酯的制备与塑化PVC性能研究

Preparation of Environmental Epoxidized Oleic Acid Polyol Ester and Its Plasticizing Effect on Poly(vinyl chloride)

使用季戊四醇和油酸通过酯化反应和环氧化反应制备了环保增塑剂环氧油酸多元醇酯。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和核磁共振仪对制备的产品进行了表征。结果显示得到了预期增塑剂产品。将其作为主增塑剂与聚氯乙烯热塑共混,研究了塑化聚氯乙烯的最低共混扭矩、热性能、力学性能,对该增塑剂在不同介质中的耐迁移性进行了研究,并与邻苯类增塑剂和环氧大豆油的塑化性能进行了对比。研究发现,作为主增塑剂,环氧油酸多元醇酯增塑的聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混体系的热降解温度达到了281.5℃,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为22.12 MPa和332.12%,在蒸馏水、乙酸溶液、乙醇溶液、石油醚和橄榄油中的迁移量明显低于邻苯二甲酸酯和环氧大豆油增塑的PVC共混体系。

A new environmental epoxidized oleic acid polyol ester was prepared through esterification reaction and epoxidation reaction with oleic acid and pentaerythritol. The chemical structure of prepared plasticizer was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum. The results show that the expected product is gotten. Poly（vinyl chloride） plasticized with the plasticizer is prepared. The torque,thermal stability and mechanical properties were characterized, and the migration resistance performance of the environmental plasticizer was tested. Compared with phthalate plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil,the prepared environmental plasticizer can improve the thermal stability of poly（vinyl chloride） blend and increase the char residual after thermal degradation. The thermal degradation temperature of poly（vinyl chloride） plasticized with epoxidized oleic acid polyol ester reaches to 281.5℃,tensile strength and elongation at break are 22.12 MPa and 332.12%,the migration stability of epoxidized oleic acid polyol ester is better than that of phthalate plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil in distilled water, acetic acid solution, ethanol solution, petroleum ether and olive oil.