公交站点可达性测度及其在停车分区中的应用

PUBLIC TRANSPORT STOP ACCESSIBILITY MEASURE AND ITS APPLICATION IN PARKING ZONING

考虑公交与小汽车方式间的可达性差异,提出了依据公交服务水平调控小汽车可达性的停车分区思路,以期实现对小汽车方式的合理限制,支持城市公交优先发展。首先根据居民出行对不同类型公交站点具有不同可达性需求,将以需求点为圆心、站点时空可接近距离为半径的覆盖范围作为基本分析单元,构建基于微观个体时空约束下的公交站点可达性测度模型。其次借助Arc GIS,以昆明市公交网络数据为基础,对站点可达性空间分布特征进行可视化分析,所得结果与城市用地开发整体特征相吻合,验证了模型的合理性。最后以公交可达性水平为主要依据划分停车供给分区,从而对不同分区停车泊位供给的科学配置提供支撑。

Faced with the strong promoting of public transport priority and the rapid increase of car at the same time, how we can effectively to inhibit the possession and using of car, and to encourage residents＇ travel shift from private modes to public transport pattern becomes the key issues of urban sustainable development. Literature study shows,there is a strong correlation between travel mode choice and transit facilities supply for residents. Due to the ＂non-door-to-door＂ featureof public transport, the stop accessibility becomes the core mean to public transport accessibility, and the destination parking availability directly affects the car availability. Taken into account the accessibility difference on public transport and car, this paper proposed a parking policy zoning thinking which could regulatory the car accessibility based on the public transport service level. Starting from the mechanism of individual public mode selection, according to residents＇ travel demand characteristic of public transport stop, considered the circular region whose circle center was demand point and the radius was accessible distance as the basic analysis unit, established a public transport stop accessibility measure model based on microscopic individual under spatial-temporalconstraint. Then, with basic data of Kunming public transport network, realized visualization analysis of spatial distribution feature of stop accessibility in practice by Arc GIS, and further revealed the difference in spatial representation of Kunmingpublic transport supply. The result is consistent with the overall development strength characteristic of urban land use, public transport stop accessibility of core area is strong, and spatial difference is small, and peripheral area exhales along the rail line. Finally, divided parking supply zoning mainly based on public transport accessibility, it will provide a more equitable and operable support for scientifically deploying different partitions＇ parking supply.