穿心草属药用植物研究进展

Review on Medicinal Plants in Canscora( Gentianaceae)

龙胆科穿心草属植物在多个国家和地区的传统医药中广泛应用,印度与我国的多个地区将该属植物用来治疗癫痫、神经衰弱、肝炎、骨折、蛇虫咬伤等疾病。该属植物中的化学成分主要有口山酮、三萜、黄酮、类固醇等。现代药理研究证明该属药用植物粗提物及单体化合物具有抗菌、抗炎、保肝等多种生物活性,对中枢神经系统亦有一定的作用。本文系统综述了该属药用植物传统知识、化学成分及药理作用的研究进展,以期为该属植物的进一步开发利用提供参考。

Canscora Lam.（Gentianaceae） were widely used as medicinal plants by local people in many areas of different countries.Many species of this genus were used as herbal medicines to treat epilepsy,neurasthenia,hepatitis,bone fracture,snake bites and insect stings,and various injuries in India and China.Chemical constituents,such as xanthones,triterpenoids,flavones and steroids were isolated from these plants.Pharmacological researches proved that the extracts and compounds of some Canscora species had activities in antimicrobial,anti-inflammation,liver protection and had beneficial in the central nervous system too.This paper summarized the research status of traditional knowledge,chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of this genus,and aimed to provide data basis for further development and utilization of Canscora medicine.