ISDS机制在欧盟的困境及使用当地救济的回归

The Dilemma of ISDS in the EU and the Return of Using Local Relief

《里斯本条约》的生效使欧盟在直接投资领域取得专属权能,并在国际投资领域发挥着重要作用。在受到投资仲裁正当性危机以及投资仲裁对欧盟公共政策、法律秩序造成的负面影响下,欧盟一方面在新订立的投资协定中加快对投资者—国家争端解决机制(ISDS)的改革,另一方面也鼓励外国投资者通过使用"当地救济"来解决投资争议以减少负面影响。而欧洲法院和成员国法院可能赋予国际投资协定以直接效力,这将进一步提高投资者使用当地救济的积极性。

Since the Treaty of Lisbon came into force,the EU has achieved exclusive competence in direct investment and plays an important role in international investment.Meanwhile,confronted with legitimacy crisis of investment arbitration and its negative impact on the EU public policy and legal order,the EU is speeding up the reform of investor-state dispute settlement（ISDS）in its newly concluded bilateral investment treaties（BITs）.On the other hand,the EU tries to encourage foreign investors to make use of＂local relief＂to settle investment disputes and reduce negative effect.European Union Court of Justice and its members＇ domestic courts might grant BITs direct effect,which will further inspire investors＇ passion to use local relief.