试析滇西高原青铜文化中的鸡、马信仰——兼论“金马碧鸡”的起源

Investigation on the Chicken and Horse Worship in the Bronze-age Cultures in the Dianxi Plateau

滇西高原青铜时代墓葬中出土的鸡形饰杖首和铜马俑是该区域存在鸡、马信仰的物质反映,其中鸡信仰是滇西高原青铜文化中固有的传统,而马信仰则可能与盐源青铜文化有关。随着文化与族群间的交流和互动,新经济文化类型的产生,原本来源于不同区域的鸡、马信仰逐渐整合为一个整体,由此衍生出了云南地区古老而著名的"金马碧鸡"传说。

Chicken-shaped mace and bronze horse figures from Bronze-age tombs in the Dianxi plateau are the material evidence of chicken and horse worship practiced by the occupants. The author points out that the chicken worship was a traditional and indigenous practice among the local bronze cultures,while the horse worship might have been derived from the Bronze-age cultures developed in Yanyuan. The communication and interaction among different cultural and ethnic groups triggered the formation of community with new economic practices. This formation process also fostered the assimilation of the chicken and horse worship,which eventually gave birth to the ancient legend about ‘Jinma Biji＇in the region.