中国结核病诊疗现状及展望

Current situation and prospect on tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in China

中国是全球结核病高负担国家,结核病疫情较重。中国用于潜伏性结核感染诊断工具是结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)试验以及γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA),其中IGRA较PPD试验具有一定优势。中国结核病诊断技术包括细菌学、分子生物学、病理学、影像学以及血清学等,其中分子生物学技术是近年来出现的新的诊断技术。中国初复治肺结核患者多采用标准化治疗方案,耐药结核病治疗方案应遵循国际原则。未来结核病诊断治疗应不断采用新技术,并加强国际合作。

China is a country with a high burden of tuberculosis （TB） in the world, and its epidemic situation of TB cannot be ignored. In China, the tuberculin skin test （PPD） and the main interferon gamma release test （IGRA） are used as diagnostic tools of latent tuberculosis infection, and the latter is superior to the former. Diagnostic technology for TB in China comprises bacteriologh molecular biology, pathology, imageology and serology types, etc. In recent years, molecular biology is the most important new diagnosis technology. In China, we should follow the standardized treatment program for the initial treatment and retreatment of TB patients, and the international principle muti-drug resistant TB （MDR-TB） patients. In the future, new technologies should be used for TB diagnosis and treatment, and international cooperation should be strengthened.