不同谷子品种在晋北地区的适应性研究

Adaptability of Different Millet Varieties in North Shanxi

在晋北地区的生态及生产条件下,研究了23个谷子品种在大田种植条件下的生育表现及产量性状。结果表明:23个参试品种中,除济谷15和长生08外,其余品种均可以在本生态区正常成熟,但与本试验区同属于一个生态区即春谷早熟区的参试品种适应性更好,表现出产量较高、抗逆性较强的特性。张杂谷5号、张杂谷3号、赤10、张杂谷10号、张杂谷6号产量较高;晋谷23的的千粒重最高,达到3.8g;赤谷10号穗粒重最大,为32.3g,同时穗也最长,为34.3cm。一些品种产量虽不高,但也具有自身的优势性状,如秦谷1号的出谷率最高,为85.3%;红谷子、沁州黄品质好;石指根、子目齐、疙生黄、狼尾巴谷抗谷瘟病能力强。这些均可以作为优势性状在谷子遗传育种中加以利用。

This paper researched growth and yield traits of 23 millet varieties in the north region of Shanxi. The results showed that 23 varieties could ripen normally in this ecological zone,except for Jigu 15 and Changsheng 08. But the varieties belong to the same ecological zones as the test area had better adaptabili-ty,higher production and stronger resistance. Zhangzagu 5,Zhangzagu 3,Chigu10,Zhangzagu 10 and Zhangza-gu 6 had higher yield. The thousand kernel weight of Jingu 23 was the highest,reaching 3.8g. Grain weight per spike of Chigu10 was the highest,reaching 32.3g,and its ear was the longest,reaching 34.3cm. Some varieties had not higher yield,but they had some advantages of their own traits. For example,valley rate of Qinggu 1 was the highest,researching 85.3%. Honggu and Qinzhouhuang had better quality. Shizhi-gen,Zimuqi,Geshenghuang and Langweibagu had stronger resistance to millet blast. These could be used as dominant traits in the genetic breeding of millet.