钢轨轮廓全断面高精度动态视觉测量方法研究

Study on High-accuracy Vision Measurement Approach for Dynamic Inspection of Full Cross-sectional Rail Profile

在高速动态条件下获取准确的钢轨轮廓检测数据是钢轨维护面临的重要现实问题。本文在分析国内钢轨轮廓检测现状和借鉴国外钢轨轮廓检测经验基础上,对钢轨轮廓全断面动态检测技术进行系统研究。详细推演钢轨轮廓全断面视觉测量方法,建立内外侧钢轨轮廓测量视觉传感器全局测量模型;分析动态检测中车辆振动对钢轨轮廓检测的影响,探明车辆不同类型振动对钢轨轮廓测量误差影响规律,提出基于正交分解的车辆多自由度振动解耦和补偿方法;研制钢轨轮廓全断面动态检测装置,并进行静态标定试验和动态测量试验,试验结果验证方法切实可行。

The collection of accurate rail geometric parameters under high-speed dynamic conditions is a key challenge to rail maintenance.On the basis of the analysis of current situation of domestic rail profile detection and international experience,a systematic research on the dynamic measurement of full cross-sectional rail pro-file was carried out.After detailed deduction of the vision measurement method for full cross-section rail profile was conducted,a global vision sensing model for the measurement of inner and outer sides of rail profile was established.Through the analysis of the impact of the running vehicle vibrations on the rail profile detection in dynamic detection,the impact of different types of vibrations on rail profile measurement errors was investiga-ted and the vibration decoupling and compensating method for vehicle multiple degrees of freedom vibration based on orthogonal decomposition was put forward.Finally,the dynamic measurement device for full cross-sectional rail profile was developed,and both the static calibration and field dynamic experiments were imple-mented.The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.