6个东南亚引种芒果品种在云南的综合比较试验

Comprehensive comparison on six mango varieties introduced from Southeast Asia in Yunnan

[目的]开展芒果品种综合比较试验,筛选适宜云南热区种植的芒果良种。[方法]于2006~2012年对从东南亚国家引入的四季芒、帕拉英达、圣德隆、缅2、缅3、索引达6个芒果品种在云南元江、保山、永德开展区域性试验,调查、分析其物候期、产量、品质和经济效益。[结果]在3个种植区成熟期最早的均为圣德隆,四季芒和帕拉英达属中熟品种,成熟期最晚的是索引达、缅2和缅3。四季芒、帕拉英达、圣德隆进入盛产期后产量稳定在21000.0 kg/ha以上,缅2、缅3、索引达进入盛产期后产量不稳定,变幅分别为18003.0~18717.0、16728.0~19074.0和21879.0~25551.0 kg/ha,且存在大小年结果现象;四季芒、帕拉英达和圣德隆的可食率分别为85.13%、79.19%和79.22%,可溶性固形物含量分别为18.9%、19.9%和25.0%,均明显高于其他品种;四季芒、帕拉英达和圣德隆的经济效益均在10.00万元/ha以上,显著高于其他3个品种（P〈0.05）。[结论]四季芒、帕拉英达和圣德隆在云南元江、保山、永德3个地区均表现高产、稳产,品质好,果实较耐贮运,货架期较长,经济效益好等优点,适宜在上述3个地区推广种植;缅2、缅3不宜在云南元江、保山、永德县推广种植。

[Objective]The comprehensive comparison of six mango varieties was conducted to screen out improved mango varieties suitable for planting in Yunnan. [ Method ] Using six mango varieties （Chok Anand, Pa La Hin Tha, Sein- talon, Suoyinda, Mian 2, Mian 3 ） introduced from southeast Asia as experimental materials, the regional test was conducted in Yuanjiang, Baoshan and Yongde county of Yunnan province during 2006-2012 to investigate and analyse phenologieal period,yield, quality and economic benefit of these varieties. [Result]The results showed that the fructescenee of Sein- talon was the earliest, Chock Anand and Pa La Hin Tha were medium maturing varieties, the fruetescenee of Mian 2, Mian 3 and Suoyinda were the latest. In addition, the yields of Chok Anand, Pa La Hin Tha and Seintalon were stable in the full fruiting period in Yuanjiang, which were above 21000.0 kg/ha. However, the production of Mian 2, Mian 3 and Suoyinda were not stable in the full fruiting period, which ranged from 18003.0 to 18717.0 kg/ha, from 16728.0 to 19074.0 kg/ha and from 21879.0 to 25551.0 kg/ha, respectively with on-year and off-year alternation. Furthermore, as for Chok Anand, Pa La Hin Tha, Seintalon, their edible rates were 85.13%, 79.19% and 79.22%, respectively, and their soluble solids contents were 18.9%, 19.9% and 25.0%, respectively, which were significantly higher than other three va- rieties（P〈0.05）. The economic benefits of Chok Anand, Pa La Hin Tha and Seintalon were above 100,000 yuardha, which was significantly greater than other three varieties. [ Conclusion ]Chok Anand, Pa La Hin and Seintalon are character- ized by good performance, stable yield, high quality and tolerance to storage and transportation, long shelf-life and high economic benefit in Yuanjiang, Baoshan and Yongde county of Yunnan province, which are suited to be planted and ex- tended widely. Furthermore, Mian 2 and Mian 3 are not suited to be planted and extended in Baoshan, Yongde and Yuanjiang county of Yunnan province.