在校大学生食源性寄生虫病知行信调查

Investigation on knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP) of college students on food-borne parasitic diseases

目的了解在校大学生食源性寄生虫病知识、态度和行为的情况,为制定健康教育策略提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取扬州市职业大学在校大学生1 114名,通过问卷调查了解其食源性寄生虫病相关知识、态度和行为。结果被调查大学生对食源性寄生虫病及其危害的知晓率分别为42.2%和41.7%;不同性别、年龄、地区（江苏省内）、专业大学生食源性寄生虫病危害知晓率差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）,其中男生、17~19岁年龄组、苏南地区、机械工程专业学生知晓率相对偏低。除家中不养宠物（32.0%）、家用切菜砧板切生熟食物完全分开（28.6%）、饭前洗手（67.1%）3项外,其余9项健康行为形成率均≥80.0%,不同性别、年龄、地区、专业大学生在不吃醉虾醉蟹、不吃烧烤、不喜吃半生不熟或未煮熟食物、不喜猎奇等方面健康行为形成率差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）,其中男生、21~23岁年龄组、苏南地区、机械工程专业学生正确行为形成率相对偏低。大学生正确态度形成率均≥84.8%,不同性别及专业大学生对存在可能感染食源性寄生虫病的食物持＂不会再去吃＂、＂建议他人不要去吃＂、＂改掉这些特殊喜好或改变不良生活习惯＂等态度的形成率差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）,其中男生、机械工程专业学生形成率相对偏低。结论被调查大学生食源性寄生虫病知识知晓率偏低,健康行为及正确态度形成率相对较高,应有针对性地、差别化地对其开展食源性寄生虫病知识宣传教育,以提高防病意识和自我保护能力。

Objective To understand the status of knowledge,attitude,practice（KAP）on food-borne parasitic diseases of college students,so as to provide the basis for the development of strategies on health education. Methods A total of1 114 college students in Yangzhou Polytechnic College were selected through the randomly stratified cluster sampling method,and then were investigated by questionnaires to understand their KAP on food-borne parasitic diseases. Results The awareness rates on food-borne parasitic diseases and their harms were 42.2% and 41.7% respectively in these investigated students. The awareness rates of the students with different genders,ages,regions（in Jiangsu Province）and majors were significantly different（all P〈0.01）,and those of the male,17 to 19 years age group,being born in south Jiangsu and students with mechanical engineering major were relatively low. Except the 3 items namely not keeping pets at home（32.0%）,cutting raw and cooked food separately（28.6%）,and washing hands before meals（67.1%）,the formation rates of health behaviors of the other 9 items were all ≥ 80.0%. In the formation rates of not eating drunken shrimps and crabs,not eating barbecued foods,not eating half-cooked food,not prefer seeking novelty,there were statistically significant differences among the students with different genders,ages,regions and majors（all P〈0.05）,and the rates of the male,21 to 23 years age group,being born in south Jiangsu and students with mechanical engineering were relatively low. The formation rate of right attitude of the students were ≥ 84.8%,and in the rates of right attitude on＂would not eat the foods that might be infected with the food-borne parasites＂,＂would suggest others not to eat the foods that might be infected with the food-borne parasites＂,and＂would give up special preferences or bad habits＂,there were statistically significant differences among the students with different genders and majors（all P〈0.01）,and the rates of the male and students with mechanical engineering major were rela-tively low. Conclusions The awareness rate of food-borne parasitic diseases of college students is relatively low,while the formation rates of health behaviors and right attitude are relatively high. So,the targeted,differentiated health education should be taken to improve their awareness of disease prevention and self-protection.