转子动力吸振器在线抑制多跨转子过临界振动的实验研究

Experimental Study on Over-critical Speed Vibration Online Control of Multi-span Rotors by Rotor Dynamic Vibration Absorber

为解决多跨转子系统通过临界转速时振动过大的问题,搭建双跨和三跨转子实验台,设计了新型转子动力吸振器,在轴上安装转子动力吸振器,模拟转子试车过程。通过基于转速的开关控制,在线控制转子动力吸振器中电磁铁的吸合状态,使其固有频率在2个频率之间切换,其中1个频率高于转子工作转速对应的频率,另1个频率与转子临界转速对应频率一致。对双跨转子和三跨转子轴系进行了带有开关控制的转子动力吸振器振动控制研究。结果表明,转子动力吸振器不仅能够在线抑制双跨转子和三跨转子轴系通过临界转速时的剧烈振动,还能避免使用传统动力吸振器给转子轴系带来2个新的共振峰的弊端,使转子系统在全转速范围内都能保持较低振动水平。

In order to solve the problem that multi-span rotors system vibration is too large around the critical speeds, the two-span and three-span rotors benches were established to simulate the starting process, a kind of rotor dynamical vibration absorber （RDVA） was designed and installed at each single rotor. The on-off controlling method based on speeds is applied to control the electromagnet’s on-off condition in RDVAs so as to change the natural frequencies of the RDVAs between two frequencies. And one of the frequencies is higher than that corresponding with working speeds, the other frequency corresponds with the critical speeds of rotors. The principle of the vibration control process on those benches was studied, which consist of two-span and three-span rotors’ on-off control processes. The results show that the RDVAs with on-off control can suppress the violent vibration of rotors at critical speeds and avoid the two peaks generated by traditional absorber. So the RDVAs can keep the vibration of the rotors at a lower level in the whole speed range.