河南省2010年至2013年流行性感冒流行病学特征

Epidemic characteristics of influenza in Henan Province from 2010 to 2013

目的:了解河南省2010年至2013年流行性感冒(简称流感)的流行特征。方法:应用描述性流行病学方法对河南省2010年至2013年流感的监测资料进行分析,应用公共卫生地理信息系统分析流感的地区分布特征,圆形分布法分析流感的季节性特征。结果:河南省2010年至2013年共报告流感病例34 721例,年均发病率为9.213 7/10万;死亡4例,病死率为0.12‰;流感发病呈逐年上升趋势。病例主要集中在豫东和豫南地区,9月至次年4月为流行高峰。男性发病率(9.820 4/10万)高于女性(6.572 9/10万)(χ2=1 342.417,P<0.001);10岁以下儿童和老年人高发。共报告3起暴发疫情。结论:河南省流感发病以散发为主,应加强学校疫情监测和高危人群疫苗接种。

Aim： To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Henan Province from 2010 to 2013 . Methods： Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the surveillance data of influenza in Henan Prov-ince from 2010 to 2013.Geographic distribution of influenza was analyzed by the public health geographic information system, and seasonal characteristics of influenza were analyzed using circular distribution.Results： A total of 34 721 cases of influenza were reported in all from 2010 to 2013 in Henan Province.The average annual incidence rate was 9.213 7 per 100 000.Four patients died, and the mortality rate was 0.12‰.The incidence rate of influenza rose year by year.Most cases were mainly distributed in eastern and southern areas of Henan Province .The epidemic perk periods were from September to next April.The incidence rate for males（9.820 4 per 100 000） was significantly higher than that for females（6.572 9 per 100 000）（χ2 =1 342.417,P〈0.001）.Children under 10 years old and the elderly were the high risk groups.Three outbreaks were reported.Conclusion：Influenza is mainly sporadic in Henan Province, disease surveillance should be strengthened in school, and the vaccination should be strengthened in high-risk groups.