谷子油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成分析

Physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of millet oil

对谷子的基本组成和谷子油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成进行了分析。结果表明,谷子中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总糖和淀粉含量分别为13.9%、5.6%、66.5%和63.7%。谷子油的酸值(KOH)为11.9 mg/g,碘值(I)为132.9 g/100 g,过氧化值为30.9 mmol/kg,皂化值(KOH)为194.4 mg/g,不皂化物含量为2.73%。谷子油主要由10种脂肪酸组成,其中饱和脂肪酸含量占16.81%,主要为棕榈酸(7.87%)、硬脂酸(6.17%)和花生酸(2.03%);不饱和脂肪酸含量达83.26%,其中以亚油酸含量(65.30%)最高,其次为油酸(14.20%)和亚麻酸(2.93%)。因此,谷子油是一种极具开发价值的营养保健油脂。

The basic composition of millet, physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of mil- let oil were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of crude protein, crude fat, total sugar and starch of the millet were 13.9% , 5.6% , 66.5% and 63.7% , respectively. The acid value, iodine val- ue, peroxide value, saponification value and unsaponifiable matter content of millet oil were 11. 9 mgKOH/g, 132.9 gI/100 g, 30.9 mmol/kg, 194.4 mgKOH/g and 2.73% respectively. Ten kinds of fatty acids were found in millet oil. The content of saturated fatty acids was 16.81% , including palmitic acid （7.87%）, stearic acid （6.17%） and arachidic acid （2.03%）, and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 83.26% , in which the content of linoleic acid was the highest （ 65.30% ） , followed by oleic acid（ 14.20% ） and linolenie acid（2.93% ）. Therefore, millet oil was a nutritional and healthy oil with development value.