我国HIV/AIDS病人随访工作现况分析

Analysis and research on HIV/AIDS follow-up condition in China

目的了解和分析目前中国艾滋病随访工作情况,发现存在问题,提出优化和规范随访工作的建议。方法采取文献回顾、小组访谈和问卷调查等方法收集信息,对艾滋病随访工作现况和存在的问题进行定性与定量相结合的分析研究。结果各地随访机构主要有疾病预防控制中心、定点治疗医院、基层医疗卫生服务机构以及社会组织配合随访等,随访频次和内容按照国家指导手册和方案执行,随访方式主要是电话和门诊"面对面"。随访效果与首次随访关系密切,常规随访对病人管理、及时治疗、及时发现配偶或固定性伴中的感染者效果明显,对高危行为改变效果不很明显。结论随访对艾滋病防治有积极意义,应坚持并优化;依法随访,明确随访职责和分工;科学随访,合理设置频次和方式,提高随访内容针对性;提高随访服务吸引力,调动艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人主动寻求随访服务的积极性。

Objective To learn and analyze the present AIDS follow-up management conditions, discover the problems, and propose suggestions for improving and standardizing AIDS follow-up work. Methods Qualitative and quantitative analysis and research methods of literature review, group discussion and questionnaire were applied. Results Three models of different organizations participating in HIV/AIDS follow-up work have been applied, which are executed separately by Center for Disease Prevention and Control （CDC）, designated hospitals for antivi- ral treatment, and assisted by primary health care services and non-governmental organizations. The frequency and content of follow-up are in accordance with the national unity instruction manual and program. The follow-up is mainly conducted by telephone and face to face in outpatient department. The relations are positively approved with- in first time follow-up and acceptance of treatment, and within regular follow-up and management, treating in time and discovery of HIV/AIDS in couples or sex partner. The effect on high-risk behavior changing is not obvious. Conclusions AIDS follow-up have positive meaning for HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment. We suggest that keep on and optimize follow-up according to the law, and define responsibility and arrangement; adjust frequency and contact method scientifically, and improve directional content; improve service attractiveness, and arouse patient ini- tiative to seeking services.