空间导航:路标学习和路径整合的关系

Spatial Navigation: The Relationship between Landmark Learning and Path Integration

路标学习是指加工获取路标信息的过程,路径整合是指导航者通过对自身运动信息(前庭觉、本体觉、视觉等)加以整合以不断更新自己位置表征的过程,两者都是人类空间导航研究的焦点问题。当前研究尝试探讨路标学习与路径整合的关系,并着重回答以下问题:在正常的空间导航中,导航者是否同时进行路标学习和路径整合?同时利用路标与自身运动信息是否优于利用单一信息?路标学习与路径整合相互干扰还是相互促进?未来研究应更多关注空间线索对导航行为的作用效果,并利用虚拟现实技术等手段深入探究相应的信息加工机制。

Landmark learning refers to the process of analyzing and acquiring the landmark information. Path integration is the process that navigators keep updating the representations of their positions via integrating self-motion information （vestibular, proprioceptive, visual, etc.）. Both landmark learning and path integration are key issues in the current human spatial navigation research. In the present study, we analyzed and compared the findings of the extent studies in the literature of landmark learning and path integration research. In particular, the following questions guided this study： 1） Whether, in normal spatial navigation, a navigator processes landmark learning and integrating self-motion information simultaneously？ 2） Whether is it more efficient for the navigator to use both landmark information and self-motion information than using either information alone？ and 3）. What is the nature of the interaction between the two processes, i.e., whether landmark learning and path integration interfere with or enhance each other？ Future research should pay more attention to the effects of spatial clues on navigation behaviors, and use virtual reality technology or other tools to delve into the appropriate information processing mechanisms.