农村二元经济转换对居民收入差别“倒U形”变动的影响——基于天津、山东农村案例的比较分析

Impacts of Rural Dual Economic Transformation On the Inverted-U-shape Curve of Rural Income Inequality:A Comparative Study of Rural Areas in Tianjin and Shandong

文章基于我国双重二元经济转换过程中,因农村内部二元经济结构演进轨迹分化所导致的农村居民收入差别呈现区域性差异的事实,以天津市和山东省为例,运用1994-2014年的中国统计年鉴和地区分组及调查数据,实证研究了我国农村二元经济转换对居民收入差异"倒U形"变动的影响。其结论是:(1)20世纪80年代以来,我国二元经济转换表现出与其他国家不同的演变特征,由单一的二元经济结构变为双重二元经济结构;进入2000年以后,农村内部二元经济结构的演进轨迹开始呈现区域性分化。(2)不同于山东及全国其他地区,天津市农村内部现代非农业部门的发展,正在促使农村收入差别缩小,并且成为总体收入差别缩小的主体性因素,这是天津农村居民收入差别降低的最大源泉;并且天津市和山东省的二元经济转换进程存在阶段性差异,各因素对收入差别的影响方向各有不同。

Based on the stylized fact that the regional differentiation of rural income inequality due to the differentiated evolution path of internal dual-economy of rural areas in the process of double dual economic transformation,this paper conducts an empirical case study of Tianjin and Shandong on the impacts of rural dual economic transformation on the inverted-U change of rural income inequality,using the data from statistical year book of China and social economic survey（from 1994 to 2014）.It arrives at the main conclusions as follows：firstly,since 1980 sthe evolution characters of China＇s dual economic transformation have been quite distinct from other countries：from single dual economic structure to double dual economic structure;the evolution path of rural dual economic structure began to vary with regions after 2000;secondly,the development of modern non-agriculture sectors in Tianjin,different from Shandong or other parts of China,is leading to the decrease in rural income gap and has been the whole determinant of general income gap reduction,which is the main source of the reduction in Tianjin＇s rural income inequality;the dual economic transformation taken place in Tianjin and Shandong varies with stages,and the determinants of income inequality exhibit differences in influence directions.