不同麻醉方法在甲状腺手术中的应用比较

Comparison of different anesthesia methods in thyroid surgery

目的对不同麻醉方法在甲状腺手术中麻醉效果进行比较,以寻求更为适宜的麻醉方法。方法选取2014年1月~2015年4月我院收治的甲状腺疾病患者135例作为本次研究对象,将其随机分为A组、B组与C组各45例。A组：颈丛阻滞麻醉;B组：气管内全身麻醉;C组：喉罩通气全身麻醉。对三组研究对象麻醉前后以及术中、BC两组拔管即刻HR与MAP变化,BC两组术后并发症发生情况进行比较。结果三组病例其HR及MAP在V0时点比较差异无显著性,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;A、B、C三组组间比较及组内其HR与MAP比较均具有显著差异,具有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）;C组病例术后发生声音嘶哑及喉痛等并发症发生率为8.9%（4/45）,显著低于B组的33.3%（15/45）,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论本研究中所探讨的三种麻醉方法各有优势与不足,在对甲状腺手术麻醉方法进行选择时应依据患者病程、病症等具体情况选用最适宜的麻醉方法。

Objective To compare the anesthetic effect of different anesthesia methods in thyroid surgery in order to find a more suitable method of anesthesia. Methods 135 patients with thyroid diseases, who were in hospital from April 2015 to January 2014, were selected as the research object and randomly divided into A group, B group and C group, 45 cases in each group. Group A was given cervical plexus anesthesia, group B was given general endotracheal anesthesia, and group C was given laryngeal mask airway anesthesia. The situations of three groups were compared before and after anesthesia. HR and MAP changes of B group And C group, and the incidence of postoperative complications in group B and group were compared. Results AT V0, there was no significant difference between HR and MAP in the three groups（P〉0.05）. The HR and MAP of three groups were significantly different, with statistical significance（P〈0.05）, and their HR and MAP in three groups had significant the difference, with statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The incidence of postoperative complications of C group, such as hoarse, sore throat, was 8.9%（4/45）, which was significantly lower than that in group B 33.3%（15/45）, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Three kinds of anesthesia methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In the choice of surgical anesthesia for thyroid surgery, the doctor should choose the most appropriate anesthesia method according to the specific conditions, such as the duration of the patient, the disease and so on.