民俗学的中国机遇:根基与前景

Foundation and Prospect:The Opportunities of Folklore in China

民俗学在世界范围都处于不景气状态,但是中国的民俗学几乎是一枝独秀。自20世纪80年代兴起的民俗复兴带来了民俗学的复兴,非物质文化遗产保护进一步为民俗学在中国的大发展带来了活力。但是,既然世界民俗学都不景气,中国的民俗学如何能够是一个例外呢?主要回答是民俗学在中国有机会参与中国现代以来的国家建设,而这在相当大的程度上仍然是一个未竟之业,民俗学在中国可以通过把自身发展成为一门确认"民"的文化、政治和社会地位的基础性的学术,获得持久的动力和需求。为此,中国的民俗学可以从德式、美式、英式和中国古代的思考中获得思想资源。

Chinese folklore is booming when the discipline of folklore declines in the world.The spring of the discipline followed the folklore revival in Chinasince 1980 s,and the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritages injects energy to its new development.However,what makes Chinese folklore an exception？The answer is that folklore has an opportunity to play aspecial role in the construction of the state,an ongoing mission in the modern times of China.Folklore can contribute to establishing the cultural,political and social status of the folk which is the very basis of any modern state and get its enduring dynastic and needs.For this purpose,Chinese folklore may obtain resource of thoughts from the German,American and English paradigms and the ancient Chinese thinking as well.