某电子企业工作场所中职业病危害分析与治理对策

Analysis on occupational hazards in workplace of an electronic enterprise and control countermeasures

目的分析某电子企业工作场所中职业病危害因素接触水平及其危害程度,找出职业病危害关键控制点,制定治理对策。方法职业卫生调查和对工作场所中职业病危害因素进行检测,按国家职业卫生有关标准要求进行评价。结果检测的化学物质浓度合格率为94.4%,砷化氢浓度为0.11mg/m3,超标3.7倍。88.9%的噪声检测点噪声声级符合要求,63.6%的检测岗位个人噪声剂量符合要求,36.4%的检测岗位个人噪声剂量超过85(d B)A。高频电磁场/超高频辐射、X射线电离辐射水平合格率100%,放射工作人员个人剂量合格率100%。微小气候相对湿度和风速合格率100%,温度合格率9.1%,照度合格率100%。通风罩控制风速合格率100%。结论砷化氢浓度超标岗位有毒作业分级为Ⅲ级,属高度危害作业,限期治理。噪声超标岗位危害作业分级为Ⅰ级,属轻度危害,但噪声危害已显现,应加强个人防护。微小气候温度不会影响人体舒适度。

[Objective] To analyze the concentrations/intensities of occupational hazard factors in workplace of an electronic enterprise, investigate the harm degree, find out the occupational hazard critical control points, and formulate the control countermeasures.[Methods] The study was performed by the occupational health investigation, the concentrations/intensities of occupational hazard factors in workplace were detected, and the results were evaluated according to the requirements of national occupational health standards.[Results] The qualified rate of chemical substances was 94.4%, and the concentration of arsenic hydrogen was 0.11 mg/m^3, which was more than 3.7 times the limit. 88.9% of noise detection points showed the qualified results for the sound pressure level, and 63.6% of detection posts showed the qualified results for the personal noise dose, while 36.4%of detection posts presented the personal noise dose was higher than 85（ d B） A. The qualified rates of high frequency electromagnetic field/ultra high frequency radiation, X-ray radiation level, and individual dose of radiation workers were 100%.As for the microclimate, the qualified rates of relative humidity and wind speed were 100%, the qualified rate of temperature was9.1%, and the qualified rate of illuminance was 100%. The qualified rate of wind speed on ventilation hood was 100%.[Conclusion] The post that the concentration of arsenic hydrogen exceeds the limit belongs to the class Ⅲ of harmful work,which needs to be controlled within the specified period of time. The posts that the noise intensity exceeds the limit belong to the classⅠof harmful work, which is mild damage. However, the damage induced by noise has been observed, so it is necessary to strengthen the personal protection. The temperature in microclimate will not affect human comfort.