有毒、有色花蜜特征研究进展

Research progress on toxic or colored nectar traits

植物与访花者协同进化的机制是当今传粉生物学研究中最令人关注的领域之一。不同植物类群花蜜特征的广泛变异为传粉者功能群的分化提供了多种潜在的进化方向。有毒花蜜和有色花蜜与传粉者的互作机理是阐明这2种特殊花蜜进化和生态上意义的关键。本文综述了国内外有关有毒花蜜毒性成分和有色花蜜成色物质及其生态功能的最新研究进展,探讨了有毒花蜜对植物繁殖适合度的贡献以及毒性成分来源的分子机制,以期为今后研究有毒花蜜及有色花蜜与访花者协同进化的生态机制提供一些思路。

The mechanisms of the co-evolution of plants and their visitors have become one of the most promising and noteworthy areas among the recent pollination biology studies. A wide range of variation in nectar traits has occurred among various plant groups, consequently the expansive evolution for pollinator functional group. It is a key to clarify the evolutionarily and ecological significance of toxic or colored nectar that the mechanisms underlying interaction between the two kinds of special nectar and pollinator, respectively. This paper reviews the resent research progress on poisonous components responsible for toxic nectar and present-color ingredient of colored nectar and their ecological functions. We further discussed that the underlying molecular mechanism of the occurrence of toxic nectar and the net contribution of toxic nectar on plant reproductive fitness. By understanding those nectar characteristic above mentioned, we hope to provide some ideas in the further research on the co-evolution mechanism of pollinators and toxic or colored nectar.