深圳市光明新区2014年手足口病病原监测结果分析

Analysis of etiological monitoring results of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangming new district of Shenzhen in 2014

目的了解深圳市光明新区2014年手足口病的病原学和流行特征,为手足口病的防控提供实验室依据。方法选择哨点医院采集的手足口病患者肛拭子和粪便标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测肠道病毒并分型。结果2014年共采集检测234份样本,检出阳性样本184份,总体阳性率为78.63%。其中其他肠道病毒感染最高,核酸阳性113份,占48.29%;Cox A16核酸阳性37份,占15.81%;EV71核酸阳性34份,占14.53%。对其他肠道病毒进行分型,Cox A6核酸阳性35份,阳性率为14.96%;Cox A10核酸阳性11份,阳性率为4.70%;未分型的其他肠道病毒67份,阳性率为28.63%。3月-9月是手足口病的发病高峰,5月是疫情高峰。5岁以下儿童感染率为91.30%。结论2014年深圳市光明新区手足口病主要由其他肠道病毒引起;夏季、秋季是高发时期;5岁以下儿童为高危人群。

Objective To investigate the etiologic and epidemic characteristics of hand- foot- mouth disease（ HFMD） in Guangming new district of Shenzhen in 2014,so as to provide the laboratory basis for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The specimens of anus swabs and stool of HFMD patients were collected from the sentinel hospital to detect the enterovirus and identify the type by real- time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results 234 specimens were collected and tested in 2014,184 specimens were positive,the overall positive rate was 78. 63%,and other enterovirus（ EV） was with the highest infection rate,there were 113 cases with positive RNA,accounting for 48. 29%; 37 samples of Cox A16 were positive,accounting for15. 81%; 34 samples of EV71 were positive,accounting for 14. 53%. Other enterovirus were classified,35 copies of Cox A6 were positive,the positive ratio was 14. 96%; 11 copies of Cox A10 were positive,the positive ratio was 4. 70%; 67 copies of other enterovirus were unclassified,the positive ratio was 28. 63%. HFMD occurred frequently from March to September,with peak in May. The infection rate of the children under 5 years old was 91. 30%. Conclusion The major pathogen causing HFMD was other enterovirus in Guangming new district of Shenzhen in 2014; summer and autumn are the high- occurrence seasons; children below 5 years old were high- risk population.