城市办公建筑空调制冷系统大气排热实测分析

Field Measurement and Analysis of Heat Rejection from Air-conditioning Refrigeration System of Office Building in Urban

为研究单位建筑面积排热量较大的城市办公建筑空调制冷系统的排热规律,采用现场实测的研究方法,选取位于深圳市及北京市城市中心区的4座典型办公建筑作为实测对象,并将空调制冷系统通过冷却塔的排热分为显热排热和潜热排热这两类进行细致分析.结果表明：实测办公建筑空调制冷系统的单位建筑面积全热排热量在85~106 W/m2范围内,其中显热排热所占比例很小仅为1%~5%,而潜热排热占绝大比例为95%~98.85%,建筑空调制冷系统通过冷却塔的排热主要以潜热排热方式向外排出,从而显著增加了建筑周围大气相对湿度,并且城市范围内的高温高湿气候条件不利于建筑空调制冷系统向大气环境排热排湿.

To study the heat rejection law of office building air-conditioning refrigeration system with a large heat rejection per unit building area, one office building in Shenzhen and three office buildings in Bei- jing in the center of the city were selected as the main research objects, and the heat rejection from air-con- ditioning refrigeration system through cooling tower was discussed in two forms：sensible heat and latent heat in the field measurement method. This field study results show that the total heat rejection from building air-conditioning refrigeration system per unit building area has a daily average value in the range of 85~106 W/m^2, where the sensible and latent heat share the proportion of 1%~5% and 95%~98.85% respectively. It indicates that office building air-conditioning refrigeration system releasing the condensing heat into the outdoor environment through cooling tower is mainly in the form of latent heat, which has a significant effect on the building surrounding humidity environment. Finally, higher temperature and hu- mid outdoor climatic conditions are not conducive to the heat and moisture rejection from the building air- conditioning refrigeration system.