“民间文学志”概念的提出及其学术意义

The concept of“the history of folk literature”and its academic significance

民间文学不等于民间文学作品,而是一种具有美感效应的日常生活方式。在后《集成》时代,单纯以记录民间文学文本为目的的田野作业已变得不合时宜,而且越来越不可行。以作品分析为基本套路的民间文学研究亟待被突破,民间文学志的学术范式便成为田野作业和研究的必由之路,不只是关注语境,而是将演述的行为、场面、过程、在场者的互动关系以及社会历史背景作为考察的重点。对表演过程中审美体验和文学场域的把握,应该是民间文学志的独异性之所在。

Folk literature is different from folk literary works because it is a daily lifestyle with some aesthetic effects. In the era of post-Anthology of Chinese Folkloric Stories, the field work simply with the purpose of recording folk literary texts is no longer proper or workable. The study of folk literature mainly based on the analysis of literary works requires breakthroughs. Thus, the academic paradigm of the writing of the history of folk literature consequently becomes the proper approach to the relevant field work and researches, whose features include the following, the focus is not only on context but the interaction among the performance, narration, scenes, actions and process as well as the socio-historic backgrounds. The uniqueness of the writing of the history of folk literature finds expression in the grasp of the aesthetic experience and literary field during the performance.