“非斯大林化”抑或“斯大林主义”——论1956年波匈事件的成因

“Non-Stalinization” or “Stalinism” ——on the Causes of the Polish and Hungarian Crisis in 1956

1956年爆发的波匈事件在社会主义阵营内部产生了重大影响。围绕波匈事件发生的原因问题,中、苏、南三党展开论战。中苏两党认为苏共二十大后的"非斯大林化",是形成事件的主要因素,而南党则认为"斯大林主义"是导致事件发生的根本原因。通览1956年的波匈事件可以看出,"斯大林主义"与"非斯大林化"共同促成了事件的爆发。"斯大林主义"是其根本因素,而"非斯大林化"则是导火线。

The Polish and Hungarian Crisis in 1956 had great influence on the socialist camp. The Communist Party of China（CPU）, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union（CPSU） and the Communist Party of Yugoslavia（CPY） had a debate aroud the causes of the crisis. The CPC and CPSU believed that the ＂non-stalinization＂ after the 20 th Congress of the Soviet Communist Party was the main factor of the events,while the CPY argued that the ＂stalinism＂ was the fundamental factor. According to the crisis, ＂stalinism＂ and ＂non-stalinization＂ contributed to the outbreak of the crisis together. ＂Stalinism＂ was the fundamental factor, while the ＂non-stalinization＂ was its fuse.