价值重建:新闻业的结构转型与数字新闻生产理论建构

Rebuilding Values: Structural Transformation of Journalism and the Construction of Digital News Production Theory

文章基于对美国、英国和瑞士三个国家共106位一线新闻从业者的深度访谈,以扎根理论方法提出包括文本、机构、生产者和文化四个维度的分析框架,对新闻业在数字时代的结构转型进行归纳和分析。文章认为上述转型过程导致了新闻业的三重危机:新闻内容因液态趋向而逐渐难以凝结社会共识,人文话语在新闻实践中衰落并带来潜在的伦理风险,以及新闻业的民主化角色受到价值极化的侵蚀。文章进而提出数字时代的新闻生产理论建构应当以"重建价值"为核心理念。

Based on in-depth interviews with 106 journalists and news editors in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland, and through theoretical grounding, this research proposes an analytical framework for digital journalism studies that includes four dimensions: text, institutions, producers, and culture. It also summarizes and analyzes the structural transformation that journalism has been through in the digital age. In the meantime, this research puts forward that the above transformation process has led to the triple crisis of journalism: news content is gradually difficult to consolidate social consensus due to its liquidity trend;discourse of humanities declines in news practice and brings potential ethical risks;and the democratization role of journalism no longer has self-evident legitimacy. The research further proposes that the construction of news production theory in the digital age should focus on 'rebuilding value'.