合同风险分担条款对承包人公平感知的影响——基于多元参照点的实验研究

The Influence of Contract Risk Sharing Clause on the Contractors' Fairness Perception——An Experimental Study under the Theory of Multiple Reference Points

合同风险分担条款是影响承包人公平感知的重要参照点,合理的风险分担条款能够提升承包人公平感知。在契约参照点理论范式指导下,将风险分担机制划分为风险责任、风险补偿两个维度,采用情境实验的方法,揭示多元参照点体系下,合同风险分担具体条款对承包人公平感知的影响机理。研究结果显示:风险分担条款的合理性与承包人公平感知之间存在显著的正相关关系;风险责任条款与承包人公平感知的关系不受社会参照点的影响,但是当行业平均利润水平较高时,风险补偿条款会进一步强化承包人公平感知;风险责任、风险补偿条款与承包人公平感知的关系受承包人当前财务状况参照点的调节作用,其中处于亏损状态的承包人对条款的合理性变化非常敏感。

Contract risk sharing clause has been identified as an important reference point affecting the contractor’s fairness perception,and a reasonable risk sharing clause can improve the contractor’s fairness perception.Under the guidance of the contract reference point theory,the method of situational experiment was used to reveal the influence mechanism of contract risk sharing on the contractor’s fairness perception under the multi-reference point system.The results show that reasonable risk sharing can significantly improve the contractor’s fairness perception.The relationship between the risk liability clause and the contractor’s fair perception is not affected by the social reference point.When the average profit level of the industry is higher,the reasonable risk compensation clause will further strengthen the contractor’s fairness perception.The contractor’s current financial situation has a significant regulating effect on the risk sharing and the contractor’s fairness perception.The lossmaking contractor is sensitive to the changes in the terms.