山东地区海水养殖区常见抗生素耐药菌及耐药基因分布特征

Distribution characteristics of antibiotic resistance bacteria and related resistance genes in mariculture area of Shandong

对山东地区海水养殖海域常见抗生素耐药菌及耐药基因分布进行调查,结果表明所调查5个海水养殖区水样中四环素类、磺胺类、β-内酰胺类耐药菌比例显著(p<0.05)高于氯霉素类和喹诺酮类耐药菌;此外用RT-PCR方法对共计15种耐药基因在水样中的丰度测定表明磺胺类(sul、dfra/16S rRNA=10^(-6)~10^(-2))、喹诺酮类(qnr/16S rRNA=10^(-6)~10^(-2))以及四环素类耐药基因(tet/16S rRNA=10^(-7)~10^(-2))在各水样中丰度差异不显著,而氯霉素耐药基因(cata、cmle/16S rRNA=10^(-8)~10^(-2))在不同水样中丰度差异显著,且cata1和cmle1丰度与可培养氯霉素耐药菌比例存在相关线性关系。实验数据说明山东海水养殖区水样中存在一定的抗生素耐药菌和耐药基因污染。

Antibiotic resistance bacteria and related resistance genes in five marieuhure areas of Shandong were detec- ted,and in both five samples it was found that the percentage of tetracycline Sulfonamidesand β-1actam-resistant bacteria were significantly （p 〈 0.05） higher than those chloromycetin-and quinolone-resistant bacteria. The abundance of 15 antimicrobial resistant genes was determined by RT-PCR methods. It was obtained that the abundance of sulfonamides- （ sul, dfra/16S rRNA = 10 -6 - 10 -2 ）, quinolone-（ qnr/16S rRNA = 10 6 - 10 -2 ）, and tetracycline-resistance genes （tet/16S rRNA = 10- 7 - 10- 2） has no significant differences among the five water samples, but the abundance of chloramphenicol - resistant genes （ cata, cmle/16S rRNA = 10 ^-8 - 10 -2 ） has significant differences among the five water samples and the abundance of the catal and cmlel has significant correction （p 〈 0.05 ） with the percentage of chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria. All the results indicated the emergence pollution of antimicrobial re- sistant bacteria and related resistance genes in maricuhure environments of Shandong, China.