壳聚糖-胶原角膜修复材料的制备及生物相容性

Preparation and biocompatibility of chitosan-collagen corneal repair materials

背景:将胶原和壳聚糖按一定比例制成复合膜后,能够降低壳聚糖的正电荷,改善壳聚糖的吸附力,促进细胞的黏附生长、迁移和增殖,增强壳聚糖的生物学性能,成为十分优良的生物材料。目的:制备壳聚糖-胶原复合膜,观察其与角膜基质层的组织相容性。方法:制作壳聚糖-胶原复合膜材料。将16只新西兰兔随机分为两组,实验组于右眼角膜基质袋内植入壳聚糖-胶原复合膜,对照组右眼角膜基质袋内植入壳聚糖膜。移植后进行裂隙灯显微镜、前节-光学相干断层成像及组织学观察。结果与结论:(1)裂隙灯显微镜:移植后第8周,实验组膜片中央出现降解浸润,皱褶屈曲不明显;对照组膜片全部浸润,皱褶屈曲明显。(2)前节-光学相干断层成像:移植后第6周,实验组的复合膜边界模糊,密度与正常角膜组织很接近,角膜形态恢复正常。(3)组织学观察:移植后第8周,实验组膜片表层少量降解,降解材料与角膜基质融合,膜片周围角膜基质有少量炎性细胞浸润;对照组膜片表层降解程度大于实验组,降解物质与角膜基质交织融合,膜片周围角膜基质有较多炎性细胞浸润。表明壳聚糖-胶原复合膜具有可降解性和良好的组织相容性。

BACKGROUND： The collagen and chitosan composite membrane made at a certain percentage can reduce the positive charge of chitosan, improve the adsorption force of chitosan, promote the cell adhesion and growth, migration and proliferation, and enhance the biological properties of chitosan, which has become a very excellent biological material. OBJECTIVE： To prepare chitosan-collagen composite membrane and observe its histocompatibility with corneal stroma layer. METHODS： Chitosan-collagen composite membrane was prepared. Totally 16 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The chitosan-collagen composite membrane was implanted into right eye cornea stroma bag in the experimental group, and the chitosan membrane was implanted into right eye cornea stroma bag in the control group. The slit lamp microscope, anterior segment optical coherence tomography and histological observation were conducted after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Slit lamp microscope observation results showed that after 8 weeks of transplantation, degradation infiltration was visible in the center of the diaphragm, crease buckling was not obvious in the experimental group; the diaphragm was infiltrated completely and crease buckling was notable in the control group. The anterior segment optical coherence tomography results showed that at the 6th week aftertransplantation, the composite membrane boundary was fuzzy, its density was very close to the normal corneal tissue, and the corneal shape recovered to normal in the experimental group. The histological findings showed that after 8 weeks of transplantation, in the experimental group, the membrane surface was degraded a little; biodegradable materials were fused with the corneal stroma; there were a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltrated on the corneal stroma around the iris. In the control group, the membrane degradation was greater than that of the experimental group; degradable substances intertwined and fused with corneal stroma; there were more inflammatory cells infiltrated on the corneal stroma around the iris. These results demonstrate that chitosan-collagen composite membrane has degradability and good histocompatibility.