鸢尾的水培技术研究

Hydroponic Culture of Iris tectorum Maxim

为探索出水培鸢尾营养液中大量元素的关键成分和浓度配比,寻求其最优配方,以鸢尾为材料,选用常用的4种化学药剂并设置3个浓度梯度,运用4因素3水平的正交设计实验方法,数据采用方差分析,研究水培营养液中大量元素的不同成分和不同浓度对鸢尾生长期根、叶片、株高3项指标的影响。结果表明:大量元素中K_2SO_4、MgSO_4·7H_2O、CaCl_2、KH_2PO_3是水培鸢尾的主要影响因素;营养液大量元素的最优组合为809 mg/L K_2SO_4+945 mg/L CaCl_2+493 mg/L MgSO_4·7H_2O+153 mg/L KH_2PO_3。鸢尾是优良的地被植物,观赏价值高,目前仍以土培为主,水培技术研究较少。探索鸢尾水培技术,不仅能够填补研究空白,且能高效率低成本地培植鸢尾,具有较高的市场意义。上述结果为大面积水培鸢尾提供了可资借鉴的基础配方,为后续研究提供了良好基础。

The article explored the key components and concentrations of elements in the Iris culture nutrientsolution. By using the four-factor and three-level orthogonal design and by analysis of variance, the authorsstudied the effects of different nutrient solutions on the growth of Iris root, leaf and plant height. The resultsshowed that K_2SO_4, MgSO_4·7H_2O, CaCl_2 and KH_2PO_3 were the major influencing factors in hydroponic cultureof Iris. The optimal combination of the elements was 809 mg/L K_2SO_4＋ 945 mg/L CaCl_2＋493 mg/L MgSO_4·7H_2O ＋ 153 mg/L KH_2PO_3. Iris tectorum Maxim. was an excellent ground cover plant species and had highornamental value. Currently, soil culture method was used more often in culturing Iris than hydroponic culturemethod. Exploring hydroponic culture techniques can not only fill the research gaps, but also cultivate Iris withhigh efficiency and low cost. The study could provide a basic formula and a sound base for further research on Iris.