欧洲综合能源系统发展的驱动与现状

Drivers and State-of-the-art of Integrated Energy Systems in Europe

随着分布式发电供能技术,能源系统监视、控制和管理技术,以及新的能源交易方式的快速发展和广泛应用,综合能源系统(集成的供电/供气/供暖/供冷/供氢/电气化交通等能源系统)近年来在欧洲迅速发展,引发了欧洲能源系统的深度变革,成为各国新的战略竞争和合作的焦点。文中讨论综合能源系统的特点,介绍欧洲综合能源系统发展的驱动力,并从工业界和学术界两方面介绍欧洲在该领域的发展现状。欧洲的科研和实践说明能源系统间的耦合和互动显著增强,更好地理解和优化这些耦合和互动是提升整个能源系统性能、降低能源价格的关键。优化、可控的综合能源系统是实现端对端能量交易和推动能源互联网发展的物理基础。

Integrated energy systems（e.g.integrated electricity/gas/heating/cooling/hydrogen/electrified transport systems）have been developing very fast in Europe,along with the fast development and wide applications of distributed energy resources,technologies of monitoring,control and management and new energy trading in energy systems.This has triggered a further radical revolution of European energy systems and become a new focus of strategic competition and cooperation.The characteristics of integrated energy systems are discussed,drivers and the state of the art（covering both industrial and academic developments）of integrated energy systems are analyzed.It is indicated by the research and practice in Europe that the coupling and interactions among various energy systems are significantly increasing which need a better understanding and optimization.It is a key to improve the performance of the whole energy system and reduce the energy prices.Optimized and controllable integrated energy systems are the physical basis to realize the peer to peer energy trading and promote the development of Energy Internet.