潍坊市2015年蔬菜、水果中农药残留污染情况

Situation of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits of Weifang in 2015

目的了解2015年潍坊市市售的蔬菜、水果中农药残留的污染情况,以便采取相应的预防策略。方法从潍坊市各类超市、农贸市场等随机购买蔬菜和水果,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测有机磷、有机氯、拟除虫菊酯类、氨基甲酸酯类农药残留共45项指标,检测结果判定依据GB2763-2014《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》。结果2015年共检测蔬菜样品380份,检出率为17.89%,超标率为6.58%;共监测水果样品183份,检出率为15.30%,超标率为6.01%。蔬菜中氯氟氰菊酯超标率最高,不同种类蔬菜农药残留检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);水果中氯氟氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、克百威超标最高。四个季度蔬菜、水果样品中,第三季度农药指标的检出率及超标率均为最高。结论 2015年潍坊市市售果蔬中农药残留总体超标率较低,但部分样品检出了国家明令禁止使用的高毒农药,且存在多种农药联合使用的问题,相关部门应加强监督力度。

Objective To investigate the situation of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits in Weifang in order totaking preventive measures. Methods A total of 45 indicators including organ phosphorus, organ chlorines, parathyroids,carbamates pesticides and others were measured by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in vegetables and fruits whichwere purchased from supermarkets and farmer markets. The basis of judgment was the National Standard GB2763-2014（Thenotional food safety standards Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food）. Results The detection and exceeding rates ofpesticides were 17.89% and 6.58% from 380 vegetable samples and 15.30% and 6.01% from 183 fruit samples.The detectionrate of Cyhalothrin which exceeding rate was the highest with statistically significance among different kinds of vegetables.Cyhalothrin, Acephate and Carbofuran had the highest exceeding rates in the fruits.The detection and exceeding rates ofpesticide residues were highest in the third quarter. Conclusion Although the pesticide residues＇ exceeding rates ofcommercial vegetables and fruits remain the lower level in Weifang, high-toxic pesticide unequivocally prohibited by ourcountry were founded and various pesticides even were combined to apply, so the supervision should be strengthen enough toreduce the pesticide residues risk.