分时电价/阶梯电价下家庭并网光伏发电系统运行优化调度

Optimal Operation Scheduling of Family Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems Under Time-of-Use and Ladder Tariffs

电价是影响家庭并网光伏发电系统经济收益的重要因素。针对峰谷分时电价和阶梯电价2种主流购电政策,计及用户卖电收益、买电成本和政府补贴等因素,建立了以余电分配比例为优化变量,以用户收益为目标函数的并网光伏发电系统运行优化调度模型,并分析了各种约束条件。研究了基于遗传算法的优化问题求解过程。以典型家庭光伏发电系统的日运行调度为算例,分别获得了2种电价政策下的最优运行调度指令,验证了模型的合理性及优化策略的正确性。

Electricity price is a key factor affecting economic benefit of family grid-connected photovoltaic（PV） systems. Concerning two mainstream power purchase policies as time-of-use tariff and ladder tariff, an optimal operation scheduling problem is formulated with consideration of electricity income, electricity cost, government subsidy and other factors. Dispatching ratio of PV power system output is taken as optimization variable while user＇s benefit is formulated as maximized objective. Corresponding constraints of optimization problems are also analyzed. A genetic algorithm is proposed to solve above problems. Finally, a typical family grid-connected photovoltaic system is taken as study case, where optimal operation instructions under two tariff systems are obtained. Convincing results are presented to validate the models and optimal operation strategies.