工程项目管理研究中的实验研究方法:以承包人履约行为实验为例

The Experimental Investigation Method on Engineering Projects Management:Based on the Experiment of Contractor Performance Behavior as an Example

工程项目管理研究方法中存在着数据获取困难、研究问题具有情景依赖性等难题,而通过科学设计和良好控制,实验研究方法有助于克服以上弱点。实验研究方案设计的焦点主要包括实验程序和工具设计、实验测量方法设计以及实验数据收集的可靠性设计等。以工程项目中承包人履约行为研究为例,讨论了行为实验研究设计中的3个关键环节:构建基于SOR对照实验的承包人履约行为假设;获取承包人履约行为诱导实验的刺激源,根据不同公平情景,设计单因素被试内实验方案;数据获取的可靠性设计。可见,实验研究方法也适合于建设工程项目管理领域中的行为研究。

The research method in engineering projects management has the problems such as the difficult of data acquisition,researching questions with situation dependence. But an experimental investigation will overcome the above weakness under the scientific design and good control. The focus of scheme design about experimental study mainly includes experimental procedure,instrument design,measuring method and data collection. Our research based on the experiment of contractor performance behavior as an example,discussing three key links in our experimental research design： building an assumption model of the influence of fairness perception to contract-implementing behavior based on the SOR controlled experiment; acquiring inducements of the contract-implementing behavioral experiment（means that acquiring the fairness concern of contractors and match their fairness preference through content analysis,focus group study and eye movement experiment）,designing single factor within-subject experiments to verify the influence mechanism of fairness concerns to contract-implementing behaviors in different fair scenes;Data for reliability design. The research will promote the use of experimental research methods in constructive engineering field.