综合护理干预对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者负性情绪及生活质量的影响

Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on negative emotion and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable period

目的探讨综合护理干预对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者负性情绪及生活质量的影响。方法将94例COPD稳定期患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各47例。住院期间对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施综合护理干预,包括呼吸功能锻炼、运动指导、心理应激干预、营养支持和健康教育。分别于干预前后运用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价患者焦虑、抑郁状态,运用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)评价患者对自我负担的感受,运用简明健康量表(SF-36)评估患者生活质量。结果干预后,2组SAS和SDS评分均较干预前显著下降(P<0.01),且观察组降低幅度显著大于对照组(P<0.01);观察组干预后SPBS中照顾负担和情感负担维度评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组各维度评分均较干预前显著上升(P<0.01)。除生理功能外,观察组干预后SF-36量表各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论综合护理干预能有效改善COPD稳定期患者负性情绪,提高生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on negative emotion and quality of life（ QOL） in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD） in stable period. Methods Ninety-four patients with COPD in stable period were randomly assigned into observation group（ n = 47） and control group（ n = 47）. During hospitalization,the patients in control group were treated with routine nursing,whereas those in observation group were treated with additional comprehensive nursing interventions,including exercise of respiratory function,sport coaching,psychological stress intervention,nutritional support and health education. The patients＇ anxiety,depression,self-perceived burden and QOL were respectively assessed by self-rating anxiety scale（ SAS）,self-rating depression scale（ SDS）,self-perceived burden scale（ SPBS） and concise health scale（ SF-36） before and after intervention. Results After intervention,both SAS and SDS scores in two groups decreased significantly when compared with those before intervention（ P〈0. 01）,and the decreased degree of observation group was significantly larger than that of control group（ P〈0. 01）. The scores of SPBS caregiver burden？ and emotional burden in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group after intervention（ P〈0. 01）. Each dimensional score in observation group increased significantly when compared with that before intervention（ P〈0. 01）.Except for physiological function,each dimensional score of SF-36 scale in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group after intervention（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively improve the negative emotion and OQL of patients with COPD in stable period.