美国废水污染源自行监测制度及对我国的借鉴

US Waste Water Pollution Source Self-monitoring System and Reference by China

介绍了美国以排污许可证制度为载体的废水污染源自行监测制度;自行监测方案包括监测内容、监测指标、监测点位、监测频次、采样方法等,依据排污许可证中关于污染物及其排放限值的规定而设计;自行监测数据用于污染源监督检查和制定国家排放限值。对于我国企业自行监测,提出了进一步明确自行监测的主体地位与自行监测数据的法律地位、分行业制定自行监测指南、建立污染源监测数据信息综合平台、加强与企业自行监测相关内容的培训等建议。

This paper introduces the water pollution source self-monitoring system in US,which is based on NPEDS permit. The self-monitoring scheme includes monitoring content,monitoring indicators,monitoring sites,monitoring frequency and sampling methods. The scheme was designed based on the permit. The self-monitoring data is used for supervising pollution sources and establishing national emission limits. For pollution source selfmonitoring in China,it is suggested to further clarified the dominant position of self-monitoring and the legal status of the data,to develop industrial self-monitoring guidelines,to establish a comprehensive platform of self-monitoring data,and to strengthen the training.