农民专业合作社绩效评价及绩效影响因素

The Performance Evaluation of Farmer Specialized Cooperatives and Influence's Factors on the Performance

基于中国合作社的发展现实,重新构建合作社的绩效评价指标体系,重点考量合作社服务农户、农业的能力与效率,应用因子分析法对绩效评价指标体系进行验证,并测度样本合作社的绩效,依测度结果,使用结构方程模型解析合作社内、外部制度安排对其绩效的影响,发现产权制度是影响绩效的根本原因。在中国合作社特殊的形成路径以及严重缺乏合作文化支撑的情况下,产权制度上是否构建了一套权、责、利明晰,对等与匹配的内在激励机制是保证中国合作社有绩效至绩效好的关键。此外,是否有健全的治理机构及相关制度安排、是否公开了财务及经营情况、理事长拥有社会资源的多与少、是否得到国家或金融部门的支持等对绩效均有显著影响。

In order to evaluate the performance of the Chinese Farmer Specialized Cooperative, investigate its effectiveness and study the influential factors, based on the reality of the development of cooperatives in China, this paper rebuilt the cooperative performance evaluation index system, verified it with factor analysis method, and measured the practice cooperatives ＇ performance.According to the measurement results, it used the SEM to analyze the effect of internal and external institutional arrangements to the cooperatives＇ performance and found that property right system was the fundamental factors to affect performance. In the background of China＇s cooperatives＇ special process of formation and its serious lack of support from cooperative culture, whether there has been built a set of internal incentive mechanism in which institutional property rights, responsibilities and interests are clear, with matching internal incentives will have a significant positive impact on the performance of cooperatives. Besides, a sound governance structure, relative institutional arrangements, a disclosed financial and operating situation, and support from the state or financial sector etc., also have outstanding influences.