新疆天山北坡经济带土壤重金属环境质量评价

Environmental Quality Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals in Xinjiang Tianshan Northern Slope Economic Zone

采用单指标评价指数法和内梅罗综合指数法,对新疆天山北坡经济带土壤中重金属的污染状况进行了研究,旨在为治理天山北坡经济带土壤重金属污染提供理论依据。由评价结果可知,天山北坡经济带呼图壁—沙湾地区,无论是单元素指标还是综合指标,一级土壤质量均达85%以上;因石河子北部的二级土壤相对全区较集中,使得该区域土壤质量略低于研究区其他地区。全区所有8个参评元素三级土壤样品仅有4个,分布范围小,对农产品种植区划的影响较小,全区无超三级土壤分布。由此可以认为,目前呼图壁—沙湾平原区土壤重金属环境质量尚处于优良水平,绝大部分区域内土壤重金属对植物和环境不会造成危害和污染,适用于大宗农作物、经济作物、蔬菜和果园等用地,并具有较大发展绿色农产品的潜力。

Pollution situation of soil heavy metals in Xinjiang Tianshan northern slope economic zone was studied to provide a theoretical basis for treatment of soil heavy metal pollution in northern slope economic zone,used single index evaluation index method and Nemerow comprehensive index method. From evaluation results,Hutubi-Shawan area in Tianshan northern slope economic zone,both single element index and comprehensive index,the first grade soil quality reached more than 85%. Because two level soil in northern Shihezi was relatively concentrated in the region,soil quality in this area was slightly lower than that in the other areas of study area. Three level soil samples were only 4 in all 8 participating elements,distribution range was small,and influence of planting regionalization of agricultural products was small. There was no super three soil distribution.Therefore,soil heavy metals environmental quality in Hutubi-Shawan plain area was still in excellent level. Soil heavy metals in most areas would not cause harm and pollution for plant and environment. It was suitable for staple crops,economic crops,vegetables and orchards and other land,and has potential to develop green agricultural products.