南美白对虾配合饲料辐照灭菌及剂量研究

Study on Irradiation Sterilization and Dose of Vannamei Mixted Feed

为了规范南美白对虾配合饲料辐照杀菌技术条件,以海南省本地生产的南美白对虾配合饲料为研究对象,采用不同剂量（0～20k Gy）的^60-γ射线对南美白对虾配合饲料进行辐照处理,考察辐照及贮存时间对南美白对虾饲料中微生物数量、理化特性、营养价值等的影响。结果表明,辐照后,南美白对虾配合饲料中细菌总数和大肠菌群数量明显降低。饲料中细菌总数的D10值为1.36k Gy,D值为3.39k Gy;大肠菌群的D10值为1.81k Gy,D值为2.96k Gy,满足灭菌要求。因此,4k Gy剂量辐照虾饲料可以有效杀灭需氧菌和大肠菌群,提高虾饲料的卫生安全性;同时该剂量下,南美白对虾配合饲料中的水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总磷等理化指标无显著变化,常温下饲料的保质期可延长至9个月。本研究为南美白对虾配合饲料辐照杀菌生产提供一定指导。

In order to regulate the technical conditions of irradiation sterilization for P. vannamei mixed feed,the paper study the impact of irradiation and storage on the microbe quantity,physicochemical properties,nutritional value of the feed by using different doses from 0 to 20 k Gy of60 Co gamma ray irradiating on vannamei feed,which is the native production of Hainan Province. The study shows that irradiation can decrease effectively the total bacteria and coliform of the vannamei mixed feed,with the D10 value 1. 36 k Gy and the D value 3. 39 k Gy of the total bacteria and the D10value1. 81 k Gy and the D value 2. 96 k Gy of the coliform. It can kill the aerobic bacteria and coliform effectively,and improve health and safety with 4k Gy dose radiation. Meanwhile,it has no significant effect on moisture,ash,crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,total phosphorus and other physical chemicals. The shelf life is 9 months at room temperature.This study provides theoretical guidance for the irradiation sterilization of the vannamei mixed feed.