白银市农村地区禽类从业人员禽流感认知及健康教育需求分析

Analysis of cognition and requirement of health education of avian influenza in poultry industry in rural area of Baiyin city

目的了解甘肃省白银市农村地区禽类从业人员对禽流感防控知识的认知及健康教育需求,为农村地区人感染H7N9禽流感的防控提供依据。方法制定统一调查表,采用分层随机抽样方法抽取白银市靖远县部分禽类从业者和非禽类从业者,进行面对面访谈。结果白银市农村地区禽类从业人员禽流感防控知识得分高于非禽类从业人员(t=3.660,P<0.05),男性得分均高于女性,禽类从业人员(t=4.676)与非禽类从业人员(t=3.333)得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);45岁及以上组得分低于其他年龄组,学历(r=0.405)与禽流感认知得分(r=0.420)呈正相关(P<0.01);53.81%禽类从业人员关注禽流感的发展情况,担心自己会患人禽流感的禽类从业人员占66.67%,仅55.71%的禽类从业人员对现有宣传途径满意;农村居民获取知识途径主要是通过电视,与非禽类从业人员相比,禽类从业人员更多从报纸、广播和宣传材料中获得知识,他们更想从培训、电视和宣传材料中获得相关知识。结论白银市农村地区禽类从业人员对禽流感防控知识有一定的认知,禽类防控知识比非禽类从业人员丰富,应根据性别、年龄、文化程度的不同,制定不同的健康教育策略。

Objective To know cognition of control knowledge and requirement of health education of practitioners in avian influenza, to provide a basis for H7N9 avian influenza in rural areas of Baiyin city. Methods Unified questionnaire were framed to carry out face-to-face interview to some avian and non-avian practitioners, with stratified random sampling method in Jingyuan county, Baiyin city. Results The scores were higher in avian practitioners than in non-avian practitioners（t=3.660, P〈0.05）, and higher in the male than in the female with statistical difference（P〈0.05） between avian practitioners（t=4.676） and non-avian practitioners（t=3.333）. The scores were lower in age group of 45 years and older than in other age groups. There was positive correlation（P〈0.01） between educational background（r=0.405） and the scores（r=0.420）.53.81% practitioners concerned about the development of avian flu, 66.67% worried about to suffer from avian influenza,and only 55.71% were satisfied with the existing means of publicity. Rural residents acquired knowledge mainly by watching television. Comparing with the non-avian practitioners, avian practitioners got the knowledge from newspapers, radio and publicity materials, and their favorite ways were by training, watching television and reading publicity materials. Conclusions Practitioners have a certain cognition of prevention and control knowledge about avian flu in rural area of Baiyin city.The practitioners in avian industry have rich knowledge than the non-avian practitioners do. Strategy of health education should be formulated according to their gender, age and education level.